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TIME: Almanac 1990
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1990 Time Magazine Compact Almanac, The (1991)(Time).iso
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061289
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06128900.050
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1990-09-22
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BOOKS, Page 69A Useful Application of FaithBy R.Z. Sheppard
THE LIFE OF GRAHAM GREENE, VOLUME I: 1904-1939
by Norman Sherry
Viking; 783 pages; $29.95
If you have been waiting 40 years to learn the name of the
obscure Mexican clerk who was the model for the Judas figure in The
Power and the Glory, or if you lie awake wondering who originally
owned the revolver that Graham Greene used when he played Russian
roulette in 1923, this is the book for you.
Volume I of Norman Sherry's meticulously protracted biography
takes the English novelist step by step, from his birth in 1904 to
1939. Readers of Greene's memoir A Sort of Life may experience a
mild paramnesia as they again hear of the novelist's neurotic
childhood, his crush on his psychoanalyst's wife, his dissolute
years at Oxford, his conversion to Roman Catholicism, his
beginnings as a journalist, and the physical and spiritual
wanderings that led to the writing of his popular moral thrillers.
The proposed Volume II remains open-ended. Greene is 84 and
still active (The Captain and the Enemy, his 24th novel, was
published last year). Sherry, a professor of literature at Trinity
University in San Antonio, has yet to tackle Greene's Africa
service with British intelligence, his marital breakup, love
affairs, involvements with the movie business, anti-Americanism and
friendships with left-wing Latin American leaders Fidel Castro and
Omar Torrijos of Panama. One should also expect deep penetration
of the privacy that surrounds Greene's life in the south of France,
where he has lived since the '60s. A genuine coup would be the
identity of the Swedish Academy member who, as rumor has it, blocks
Greene's path to a Nobel Prize.
So the best is yet to come, and Sherry, who has had Greene's
sort-of approval and cooperation, should be in the best position
to get it. Of all the big fish still swimming in the shrinking pond
of English letters, Greene is one of the most elusive. As Sherry
told the British press this spring, "He will not give you anything.
If you don't ask, you won't get, and if you do ask, you might well
get a no."
The novelist selected Sherry for the job after reading his 1971
book on Joseph Conrad, Conrad's Western World. Greene was taken
with the scholar's unbiased approach and willingness to travel to
the remote and hazardous regions that inspired the author of The
Heart of Darkness. And indeed, Sherry makes a fuss about his field
investigations for this book: "Risking disease and death as he had
done, I went to those places and in most cases found people Greene
had met and put into his novels." He tells us that he developed
gangrene in South America and got dysentery in the same Mexican
boardinghouse where Greene was stricken. In Liberia, locale of
Greene's first safari, officials he interviewed had their throats
cut a week later, when the government abruptly changed hands.
Macho scholarship may satisfy a personal need, but Sherry's
tribulations do not yield much about Greene's nature. For that, the
biographer hits the conventional paper trail: books, journals,
diaries, letters and periodicals. His impressive accumulation
supports what readers of Greene's writings have already had reason
to suspect: his morbid childhood fears ripened into the themes of
his art.
Sherry's dossier reveals a physically awkward and emotionally
withdrawn boy who became the scapegoat of his playmates. Neither
Greene's autobiography nor his chronicler's researches fully convey
the depths of shame and humiliation that must have marked the early
years. Young Greene seems to have felt these emotions as a profound
boredom that required dramatic action. His suicide attempts by dull
knife, hay-fever drops and aspirin foreshadow the lengths to which
he would later go in the name of love and literature. He changed
religions to win the hand of Vivien Dayrell-Browning, a devout
Roman Catholic. When she said that she would rather live with him
as a sister, he suggested a celibate marriage. "Greene was in
deadly earnest," Sherry concludes, "but as a practical ploy it
could not be bettered." Nature took its course; a daughter, Lucy,
was born in 1933.
Greene made a useful application of his faith in Brighton Rock
(1938). The novel began his reputation as a Catholic writer,
although he has usually described himself as a writer who has
merely employed Catholic ideas. Sherry takes the broader position
that, in Brighton Rock at least, "it is certain that the new
dimension his conversion brought to his view of man and God brought
also a new dimension to his fiction." What readers got, and would
later get in The Power and the Glory and The End of the Affair, was
tightly plotted melodramas about evil and divine grace as a means
of escape. Many critics have admired the craft of these books but
have not been convinced of the quality of Greene's mercy. Sherry
should have something to say about that quality when he sums up in
Volume II. The current opus concentrates mostly on quantity.